This is the first time the institute has returned to the u. This is a thermal decomposition reaction known as cracking. Targeted towards aqa c1 topic 5 but suitable for edexcel and other exam boards too. Aqa geography subject content geographical applications. They are formed when many small molecules join together. Best igcse organic chemistry notes complete breakdown. There are two types of polymerization, addition polymerization, and condensation polymerization. Polymers are large molecules that are made up of many. Its a process studied in gcse chemistry, so you need to understand it. Read on for further information on how our new course will support geographical investigations and fieldwork. Paraffinic feedstocks are best for optimising ethylene yields, and the severity of cracking is specified by the rate of disappearance of a marker compound, usually. This is because alkanes are saturated whereas alkenes are unsaturated which means that they can carry out addition reactions, required for polymerisation. Past exam papers are a fantastic way to prepare for. Home about inspector calls gcseigcse search take a break motivation you are here.
Polymerisation is the name given to the reaction that produces polymers. Cracking and alkenes crude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanes. It ensures that students are given the opportunity to consolidate and extend their geographical understanding by relating learning to real experiences of the world schools and colleges must submit a written statement as evidence that the fieldwork requirement has been met. The chain length of the polymer varies from about 2000 to 40,000 carbon atoms. Aqa gcse chemistry science chemical changes revision workbook by jake science this resource is a gcse chemical changes revision workbook that will help enable students to revise this topic and has been written to cover all of the key points in the gcse chemistry specification in. Organic chemistry ks4gcse chemistry teaching resources. In industry they use silica silicon oxide or alumina aluminium oxide. Describe put into words what you can see, explain give reasons why because outline brief summary of the key points suggest offer reasonable and sensible options compare give similarities and differences assess make an informed judgement to what extent judge the importance or success of strategy, scheme, project evaluate judge from available evidence.
Cracking, in petroleum refining, the process by which heavy hydrocarbon molecules are broken up into lighter molecules by means of heat and usually pressure and sometimes catalysts. Andrew taylor, head of maths at aqa, and craig barton, maths advanced skills teacher, tes secondary maths adviser and creator of will show you how last years year 11s performed when they sat question papers designed for the new maths gcse. Subjects events job board shop company support main menu. Geographical skills and challenges paper 1f and 1h information. Learn and revise polymers with bbc bitesize for gcse design and technology. Cracking is used to convert long alkanes into shorter, more useful hydrocarbons. They can bend and twist and even get tangled up just like a ball of string. What can the student of gcse past tell you about gcse papers yet to come. Remember that n is used where we want to indicate an unknown number that can have a number of possible values. Fieldwork will now be worth 15% of a students final mark and will be assessed by examination. Structure of polymers thermosoftening thermosetting.
This type of polymerisation is called addition polymerisation. Introduction to the study area introduce the reader to the glenarm river. A cpd course for all aqa gcse 91 geography teachers wanting to maximise the performance of their year 11 geography students in 2020. Cracking and alkenes gcse chemistry single science revision.
These are the handouts you have been given in class by your teacher and should be used in addition to your class notes. Cracking chemical process britannica encyclopedia britannica. Its written by teachers especially to help year 10 and year 11 students revise. These monomers the starting materials are often alkenes. Each polymer molecule is a long chain of mainly carbon atoms. Fractions containing large hydrocarbon molecules are heated to vaporise them. Condensation polymerisation involves a reaction between monomers with two different functional groups. This quiz looks not only at the causes of soil erosion, but also the effects such as how it damages ecosystems. In cracking you always make and alkene and an alkanethermal crackingthis is where we use heat to crack a molecule. Cracking molecules and plastics chemistry gcse ask. Cracking refers to the process of breaking long hydrocarbon chains into shorter ones. Long chain hydrocarbons can be broken into smaller hydrocarbons, by heating with a catalyst. Alkenes can take part in reactions that alkanes cannot. Cracking allows large hydrocarbon molecules to be broken down into smaller, more useful hydrocarbon molecules.
This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions. Natural polymer molecules carbohydrates sugars starch. Covering aqa, edexcel and ocr exam boards with a huge array of topics, weve got everything you need to help your students bond with chemistry. This section includes recent gcse geography past papers from aqa, edexcel, ocr, eduqas, wjec and cie igcse. The starter is a dingbat that is shown whilst students listen to music to help them. Organic chemistry hydrocarbons and crude oil alkanes fractional distillation properties of hydrocarbons cracking alkenes reaction of alkenes alcohols carboxylic acid addition polymerization condensation polymerization amino acids dna. Cracking and polymerization video teaching resources. For example, ethene molecules can react together to form polyethene, a polymer.
Some polymers are made via condensation polymerisation. With a 10year history in supporting economic geography, the college and its department of geography welcomed young scholars from across the globe to lexington. The big hydrocarbon molecules in gas oil, for example, can be broken down into smaller ones needed for petrol. The monomer molecules may be all alike, or they may represent two, three, or more different compounds. Polymers are made from many smaller molecules, called monomers. When these types of monomers react they join together, usually losing a small molecule such as water, and so the reactions are called condensation. Polymerisation happens when monomers react to form long chain polymer molecules. Cracking is the most important process for the commercial production of gasoline and diesel fuel. The process chemical reaction that turns monomers into polymers. Part 1 is where students make ethene then link to make polythene using molymods. Gcse geography soil erosion and degradation damages. See current entries and add your own how and why to enter grow your grades. Cracking definition, in the distillation of petroleum or the like the process of breaking down certain hydrocarbons into simpler ones of lower boiling points by means of excess heat, distillation under pressure, etc. To familiarise you with it, weve created this interactive quiz.
See more ideas about gcse chemistry, chemistry revision and gcse chemistry revision. Cracking is the term when a long unuseful molecule like bitumen are broken down into short more useful molecules like petrol. In the past 150 years half the topsoil on the planet has been lost. Catalytic cracking thermal cracking there are many types of catalysts, some common ones are zeolites and a mixture of silicon dioxide and aluminium oxide. Explain why you think the glenarm river is a good river to study. Polymerisation and cracking gcse science marked by teachers. Carbohydrates are important sources of energy for many living organisms and their. Revise and summarise the key information for unit 7. Polymers are very large molecules sometimes called macromolecules. The reason for this is that cracking produces a new family of. Delivery guide for ocr gcse 91 chemistry a gateway science. The process is known as catalytic cracking because it only happens in the presence of a catalyst substance which speeds up the reaction without being used up itself.
Gcse polymerisation revise reaction of monomer molecules. Other methods used to improve the quality of gasoline and increase its supply include polymerization, converting gaseous olefins, such as propylene and butylene, into larger molecules in the gasoline range. If you are not sure which exam board you are studying ask your teacher. Condensation polymerisation aqa gcse chemistry revision notes. There is a much greater demand for shorter hydrocarbon than there is for the longer hydrocarbons. Written by the expert teachers at save my exams for the aqa 91 gcse. This summarises the key topics for the organic chemistry unit, including crude oil, the structure of alkanes, fractional distillation, properties of hydrocarbons, cracking, alkenes and polymerization.
Figure 4 challenges of urban growth in licsnees the environmental cost of urban growth the use of cheap, poor quality coal and the increase in car ownership is creating serious air. Igcse chemistry past exams, tutorials, notes and more on nada ak is lecturing us some seriou. Polymerisation and cracking gcse science marked by. Free revision guides, questions banks and resources. Classification and molecular structure of carbohydrates e. On this website you will find helpful case study fact files, videos and key concepts that you need to know for your gcse.
Welcome to the selston high school gcse geography revision site. Gcse chemistry revision science section covering cracking and its products, hydrocarbons, catalyst, thermal decomposition, alkanes, single and double covalent bonds, and cracking paraffin. But when some of the fractions of crude oil are cracked, a whole new world of chemistry opens up. Geographical investigations and fieldwork in gcse geography edexcel b. And remember this the longer the polymer chain is, the more tangled up it can get. Polymerization, any process in which relatively small molecules, called monomers, combine chemically to produce a very large chainlike or network molecule, called a polymer. Please comment if you have any questions, and subscribe if you. Gcse chemistry polymers all links to revision topics. C1 alkenes, cracking and polymers flashcards in gcse.
Organic chemistry from the combined science aqa gcse chemistry specification. Discover our collection of gcse and igcse knowledge organisers. Tes global ltd is registered in england company no 02017289 with its registered office at 26 red lion square london wc1r 4hq. Petrol and other fuels are produced from it using fractional distillation. One of the topics studied in gcse geography is soil erosion and degradation. The main weathering process scool, the revision website. Tough gcse topics broken down and explained by out team of expert teachers. Gcse geography component 1 the physical environment. Download alkanes and alkenes building and cracking formulae in word format download. This process is called polymerisation when alkenes join together to form a polymer with no other substance being produced in the reaction, the process is called addition polymerisation. In condensation polymerisation, a small molecule is formed as a byproduct each time a. Alkenes are reactive and so are useful for making many other substances including polymers polymers have very large molecules. Cracking, in petroleum refining, the process by which heavy hydrocarbon molecules are broken up into lighter molecules by means of heat and usually pressure. Condensation polymers polymers gcse chemistry single.
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